Engineering Portfolio

Deck Arch Truss Bridge Design & Optimization (2023–2025)

I design and build structurally efficient balsa wood bridges, motivated by the engineering constraints and precision of competitive design. Across three years in the Delaware Bridge Design Competition, I led structural simulation, CAD modeling, and physical construction, analyzing load paths and optimizing strength-to-weight ratios.

SOLIDWORKS Simulation AutoCAD 2D Drafting Structural Members Feature Iterative FEA Optimization Precision Assembly
Truss typology research and load distribution analysis
Truss typology research & load path analysis: evaluating Howe, Pratt, and Warren configurations to drive center loads outward to the abutments.
Iteration 1: Baseline Design
2023 Competition • 1st Place State Champions (9th–10th Grade)

For my first attempt, I leveraged the structural members feature in SOLIDWORKS to model beam profiles and predict stress nodes. After evaluating different truss behaviors, our team selected an integrated X and Howe truss configuration to drive load outward towards the abutments.

Concept sketches from engineering notebook (3/6/2023) and SOLIDWORKS FEA displacement model
Engineering notebook concept sketches (3/6/2023) translated into a calibrated SOLIDWORKS FEA displacement model.
Hand-cutting and assembling balsa wood components on 1:1 blueprint
Component fabrication against 1:1 blueprint scale and 30–40 hour precision balsa assembly.

Assembly required 30–40 hours of manual cutting, sizing, and jig gluing. An initial measurement discrepancy left the bridge slightly short for the testing platform, which was resolved on-site with reinforced end fixtures. The final build held up under load to capture first place out of 34 teams from 16 high schools across Delaware.

Iteration 2: The Auxiliary Arch Hypothesis
2024 Competition • Design Failure & Key Learnings

Aiming to advance beyond a standard truss, I explored research on auxiliary arch reinforcement systems. The design incorporated a secondary internal curve to brace top-deck deflection.

3D SOLIDWORKS CAD model of the auxiliary-arch truss structure
3D SOLIDWORKS CAD model of the 2024 auxiliary-arch truss structure.
2024 engineering process: concept sketches, 3D FEA stress simulation, and precision pin-jig assembly
2024 engineering process: concept sketches, 3D FEA stress simulation, and precision pin-jig assembly.

Constructing the secondary arch required almost double the truss cuts and complex pin-jig alignment. However, testing exposed a critical trade-off: the secondary structure added significant dead load, making the bridge 50% heavier than the 2023 version without a proportional gain in yield capacity. The resulting strength-to-weight ratio dropped, providing a direct lesson in balancing structural complexity against raw mass penalties.

Iteration 3: Simulation Calibration & Monolithic Arch
2025 Competition • Advanced FEA Validation

Rather than introducing more components, I revisited the 2023 foundation and calibrated our digital tools. I uncovered simulation discrepancies in SOLIDWORKS caused by varying member fixtures and unmodeled joint laminations.

Calibrated SOLIDWORKS CAD progression: Design 1 baseline vs. final Revision 8
Calibrated SOLIDWORKS CAD progression: Design 1 baseline vs. final Revision 8.
Custom wooden radial clamping jig for steam-bending the continuous monolithic arch
Custom radial clamping jig for steam-bending the continuous monolithic arch.

By enabling "treat all solid bodies as solid" and validating digital displacement ratios against physical testing data from 2023 (variance factor ~2.52) and 2024 (variance factor ~3.02), I established an empirical correlation factor to trust simulation predictions.

Complete AutoCAD 2D technical blueprint with dimensioning
Complete AutoCAD technical blueprint: plan, elevation, section A-A, and isometric views with full dimensioning (Delaware Bridge Design Competition • Team: The Peculiar Pythons • Rev 8).
Official load testing of the final 2025 bridge on the competition testing platform
Official load testing of the final 2025 design on the competition testing platform at the Delaware Bridge Design Competition.

Engineering Takeaway

"In 2023 our team won without prior experience. We tried harder in 2024, but performed worse. 2025 was the year I worked the hardest—debugging the tools themselves and bridging the gap between simulation and real-world failure points. It taught me how to question assumptions and systematically iterate."